France is poised to drag the eurozone into a fourth quarter of recession as business activity slumps in the region's second-largest economy.

A survey of 5,000 companies in manufacturing and services showed eurozone output fell to a two-month low in February. The Purchasing Managers' Index flash estimate fell to 47.3, from 48.6 in January, as the decline in French output hit a near four-year low.

"A steepening rate of decline in February is a disappointment, and suggests that the eurozone is on course to contract for a fourth consecutive quarter," said Chris Williamson, chief economist at PMI compiler Markit.

The survey readings point to a contraction of 0.2% to 0.3% in eurozone gross domestic product for the first quarter of 2013, after a 0.6% drop in the final quarter of last year, Williamson said.

The French economy, second only in size to Germany in the 17-nation eurozone, stagnated through the course of 2012. Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said in a radio interview this week that France was preparing to cut its growth forecast for 2013 to between 0.2% and 0.3%, down from 0.8%.

Related: Europe's recession deepens as exports suffer

Markit economist Jack Kennedy said France's performance in the first quarter of 2013 was shaping up to be the worst since the same period in 2009.

"The broad-based weakness across manufacturing and services leaves scant room for optimism, with a range of indicators from new orders, backlogs, employment and output prices all residing at depressed levels," he said.

Germany, by contrast, saw a further improvement in business activity in February for a third month running, although the pace of expansion slowed slightly.

Markit said the gap in performance between the eurozone's leading economies was at its widest since surveys began in 1998. France was beginning to look like it belonged to the group of economies on the eurozone periphery, rather than the core, it said.

Related: Europe's central banks stand firm

The European Central Bank has pointed to recent improvements in survey data as one sign that the eurozone economy should recover later this year but with inflation in Germany and France falling quickly and a strong euro making it harder for exporters, the bank may be forced to relax policy still further.

The euro fell nearly 1% Wednesday. to a six-week low against the dollar, in response to the fading prospects for recovery and signs that the Federal Reserve is considering pulling back monetary stimulus.