TODAY'S LEADERS LOOK TO TOMORROW MANAGING MAX DEPREE IT'S NOT WHAT YOU PREACH BUT HOW YOU BEHAVE
By Max DePree David Kirkpatrick DePree, 65, is chairman and retired CEO of Herman Miller, the office furniture company his father founded. He talked with David Kirkpatrick.

(FORTUNE Magazine) – Most people come to work well prepared, well motivated, and wanting to reach their potential. A primary issue for the Nineties will be helping managers to understand that it's not their job to supervise or to motivate, but to liberate and enable. Take a 33-year-old man who assembles chairs. He's been doing it several years. He has a wife and two children. He knows what to do when the children have earaches, and how to get them through school. He probably serves on a volunteer board. And when he comes to work we give him a supervisor. He doesn't need one. His problem isn't to be supervised, it's to continue toward reaching his potential. How can he get the opportunities that are important to him and his family? Also, how can we protect him from poor work he gets from the third shift? Or from people who give him too many computer forms to deal with? The Nineties will require a much more cross-cultural attitude on the part of managers. They need to have deeper insight into the strengths that women, ethnic minorities, and immigrants can bring. In our plant in Irvine, California, we have to communicate in English, Spanish, and Vietnamese. We also have four female vice presidents and two black vice presidents. We've had a bit of a backlash to deal with. A few white men said they didn't want to work for one of these new managers. We said transfer or leave, diversity is here to stay. It's morally right -- and it happens to be pragmatically right. A number of our women and minority managers are absolutely outstanding. One thing that's gotten a little out of hand in our capitalist system is the idea that individual opportunity somehow is the same thing as unrestrained privilege. When you see what Donald Trump has become known for, it's very difficult to explain to a 25-year-old plant worker that capitalism is really a good system. Boards of directors need to become both more deeply involved in companies and much more accountable. Directors need to take away from management the initiative for things like setting the board's agenda. Our directors decided that the CEO may not collect more than 20 times the $25,000 that the average factory worker gets, so we've got a half-million-dollar cap. You have to look at leadership through the eyes of followers. Lech Walesa told Congress that there is a declining world market for words. He's right. The only thing the world believes is behavior, because we all see it instantaneously. None of us may preach anymore. We must behave.