Fortune 500 rank: 38
2010 profit: $18.8 billion
Even without a hot-selling mobile phone or tablet, Microsoft earned more than any other tech heavyweight (yes, even more than high-flying Apple). It has Windows 7 to thank. Microsoft blew away Wall Street last year when it said it had sold 175 million copies of its operating system since its release in late 2009. That helped boost profits 29% at the tech bellwether.
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Last updated May 10 2011: 8:38 AM ET