(MONEY Magazine) – The long arm of Social Security embraces nearly all of us. Yet, learning how to deal with the 63,000-person Social Security Administration can be daunting. For tips on getting the most out of Social Security, including when to use the agency's new toll-free hotline (800-772-1213; operating weekdays from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.), MONEY writer Marguerite T. Smith talked with John Rother, a top Social Security analyst at the American Association of Retired Persons, the consumer and lobbying group that claims 33 million members. Highlights:

Q. How would you rate Social Security for handling consumer questions? A. So-so. A 1991 study of people who called Social Security found that nearly a fifth were dissatisfied with the quality of the service. I think it is starting to improve, though. Service reps are now answering the toll-free number faster than in the past. Social Security is usually effective at resolving routine matters, like recording a change of address. But the agency's employees sometimes give out misinformation on basic questions involving, say, how much retirees can earn from a job without losing benefits. The correct answer is $10,200 for people ages 65 to 69, $7,440 if you're 62 to 64.

Q. Many people don't know when to go to a local Social Security office and when to rely on the toll-free number. What's your advice?

A. In-person visits are best for resolving complex matters involving paperwork, such as when the amount of your benefits check unexpectedly drops. By contrast, you should use the toll-free line for straightforward inquiries such as how long you must work to qualify for retirement benefits (usually 10 years).

Q. What is the best time to call the toll-free number? A. The fewest people try to get through before 9 a.m. or after 5 p.m. So call then. Avoid calling during the first week of the month. That's when all the checks are mailed out, which prompts a flood of calls.

Q. Is there any reason for a healthy, young person to call Social Security? A. Yes. Every three years or so anyone who works should be sure his earnings have been credited properly for future benefits. Call the toll-free line and ask for Form SSA-7004.

Q. How do you claim disability benefits? A. The test is tough. To qualify, you have to be totally disabled and unable to earn more than $500 a month. And the average annual benefit is only $12,672. Call the toll-free number to make an appointment for filing a claim at your local office.