Jack Bogle vs. index funds
Well, some index funds.
In an op-ed in the Wall Street Journal today, Vanguard founder Jack Bogle tees off on exchange traded funds. (The link is subscriber-only, but a PDF of the story is available here.) ETFs, if you need a refresher, are funds that simply track some index of stocks or other securities. Since they don't have a manager actively buying and selling stocks, they can be cheap. Unlike regular mutual funds, ETFs can be traded instantly on the stock exchange, and you can even sell them short or buy them on margin. And in past few years, they've been spreading like wildfire. Or, to use a simile Bogle would probably prefer, like a rash. Bogle created the first index mutual fund, so his essay is sort of a Frankenstein's lament. He's clearly peeved about the new ETFs that follow a fundamental indexing strategy--which isn't surprising, since the whole idea behind such funds is that Bogle's straightforward, buy-the-whole-market approach is subtly flawed. He also thinks that the many hyperspecialized ETFs that have come on the market--like the "HealthShares Emerging Cancer" ETF--completely miss the point of indexing, which is that most investors should give up on the idea that they can outsmart the market. Bogle points out that of 690 ETFs that exist today, only 12 track broad market indexes. In a way, that's just proof of how well ETFs can work: Once one company creates an ETF that effectively tracks a given index, there's really no need for anyone to start another one. So Wall Street firms that want to tap into the ETF fad soon have to start building index funds to track Bangladeshi butter futures or whatever. I'll say this much for ETFs: They've made it even more obvious that most actively managed mutual funds, and especially sector funds, are overpriced. At Money, we keep hearing that ETFs are soon going to play a bigger role in 401(k) plans. Watch out. The ETFs that make the most sense--the ones that track broad indexes--aren't really an improvement over classic index mutual funds if you are going to be a buy-and-hold investor putting a little bit of money in at a time. And most of the ETFs that really differ from what you can get in regular funds just make investing more complicated than it needs to be for most people. If we learned anything after the crash of the 2000s, it's that having lots of options in 401(k) plans didn't help and probably hurt. 1) Begin a comprehensive reduction in armaments, a reduction so large it will enable our country to cut in half its outlays for the military. (2) Postpone for an indefinite period the pension �colas� for postal workers, the military, the federal civil service, and for social security recipients. Start paying out military pensions when military personnel reach the same retirement age applicable to social security recipients. (3) Revise the corporate income tax to 30% (currently 35%, the 2nd highest in the world) to make it competitive with other countries (which average 30%). (4) Enact a top personal income tax of 25% (currently 28%) and exclude tax breaks and enact relief for the poor (bottom rate was raised from 11% to 15%). This will introduce a modicum of fairness in the tax system, and will result in larger revenues partly because marginal rates will be lower. (5) Tax all pension income including social security. If a fair tax system is enacted, the burden of taxation will be no heavier on social security recipients than on other taxpayers.
Only direct controls can cope with our deficit problem. Which is just another way of saying that we will, to a greater or less extent, have to resort to a �command� economy to cope with the debt problems we have so cavalierly created? The �feel good�, spend-beyond-your-means days are strictly numbered. 
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