G-8: 'Resist protectionist pressures' amid 'fragile recovery'

NEW YORK (CNNMoney.com) -- The leaders of the Group of Eight global economic powers pledged Saturday to continue working together as the world "begins a fragile recovery from the greatest economic crisis in generations."

In a statement concluding the two-day summit in Muskoka, Canada, the leaders said they were committed to open trade and that they would "resist protectionist pressures."

In addition to the United States, the summit included Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia and the United Kingdom.

The summit immediately preceded a gathering in Toronto of the G-20, which includes the leaders of other important economies, most notably China.

In the run-up to the meetings, President Obama had stressed the need to keep economic stimulus measures in place to prevent a global slowdown. But European nations have been moving toward more conservative fiscal policies as the region grapples with an ongoing debt crisis.

In a letter to G-20 leaders sent earlier this week, the president wrote that safeguarding and strengthening the economic recovery should be "our highest priority in Toronto."

"In fact, should confidence in the strength of our recoveries diminish, we should be prepared to respond again as quickly and as forcefully as needed to avert a slowdown in economic activity," he wrote.

Meanwhile, European nations have been cutting back on public spending and raising taxes to cope with massive budget deficits.

Since Obama issued his call to focus on growth, German Chancellor Angela Merkel called budget cuts "urgently necessary," and European Central Bank President Jean-Claude Trichet said stronger public finances are part of a "policy which we would call confidence-building."

Last week, the United Kingdom unveiled one of its harshest budgets in decades.

In a statement Saturday, U.S. Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner acknowledged the differences, while again stressing the need for pro-growth policies: "We all need to act to strengthen the prospects for growth. This will require different strategies in different countries. We are coming out of the crisis at different speeds." Geithner added, "We need to act together to strengthen the recovery and finish the job of repairing the damage of the crisis." (See 'The great spending debate')

Also expected to be discussed at the G-20 meeting will be China's currency, the yuan. China moved last week to begin letting it trade freely against the U.S. dollar, but the move may have been too little to head off debate. Since 2008, China has pegged its currency to the dollar, and many think it is artificially cheap, making it harder for U.S. companies to compete.

The yuan has risen only slightly against the dollar in the past week.

Still, Geithner praised China's move: "China is acting to allow its exchange rate to appreciate in response to market forces. This is an important step toward helping China better meet its own challenges and providing a more level playing field for all its trading partners."

Separately, President Obama met with the president of South Korea. Obama hopes to complete a free trade agreement with South Korea later this year, according to a senior White House official.

The plan is to double U.S. exports over the next five years, he said. The United States already exports $50 billion worth of goods and services to South Korea, which is the world's 14th largest economy.